Within the days earlier than delivering his State of the Union speech final month, President Biden referred to as the chief executives of Common Motors and Cisco Programs to ask their recommendation on the state of the American financial system and share how he deliberate to speak about it.

Then he rode to Capitol Hill and, in his handle, promised to boost the speed on a brand new minimal tax his administration has levied on huge corporations “so each huge company lastly begins to pay their justifiable share.”

“I additionally wish to finish tax breaks for Massive Pharma, Massive Oil, non-public jets, huge govt pay,” Mr. Biden continued, including: “Finish it now.”

The sequence epitomizes Mr. Biden’s alternatively cozy and combative relationship with America’s enterprise leaders, which has rippled by way of the nationwide financial system, federal coverage and now the 2024 marketing campaign for the White Home.

The president has each courted and pilloried company America as he seeks re-election this fall. Company leaders have loved document income on his watch and an open channel together with his administration, however they’ve bristled at a few of his largest coverage selections.

There’s a sure symbiosis with company leaders in a lot of Mr. Biden’s financial agenda. His industrial coverage initiatives rely closely on company tax incentives, which he champions at ribbon-cuttings nationwide: The local weather and advanced-manufacturing legal guidelines that Mr. Biden signed in 2022 function massive tax cuts for firms that spend money on the manufacturing of semiconductors, photo voltaic panels and different strategic items. Republicans have derisively referred to as these incentives “company welfare.”

Mr. Biden ceaselessly seeks executives’ counsel on all kinds of financial points, together with provide chain snarls, infrastructure investments and employee coaching. He impressed Calvin Butler, the chief govt of the utility big Exelon, in a two-hour assembly within the Oval Workplace with executives final fall.

“He was engaged in it, and I can let you know this,” Mr. Butler mentioned in an interview. “At in regards to the hour mark, they saved tapping on him to say, ‘Hey, you already know, we received different issues to do.’ However he wished to maintain it going. He wished to maintain speaking.”

As he seeks re-election, although, Mr. Biden has leaned closely into populist assaults on the executives and corporations he has engaged. He loves to speak about elevating company taxes. He has additionally taken to blaming huge corporations, typically by identify, for elevating costs on some client staples. He blasts others for shrinking parts of snack meals, like sweet bars, with out chopping their costs.

Mr. Biden has additionally dropped at workplace an financial philosophy that depends closely on federal authorities intervention in non-public markets. That features investments in infrastructure and industries, which enterprise leaders usually assist.

But it surely additionally consists of environmental, monetary and different laws meant to scale back dangers within the market. Companies oppose these efforts, together with the administration’s aggressive antitrust enforcement and different initiatives meant to stimulate competitors.

In consequence, Mr. Biden’s relationship with company America “is a sophisticated one,” mentioned Neil Bradley, the chief vp and chief coverage officer on the U.S. Chamber of Commerce, a big enterprise lobbying group in Washington.

Mr. Biden and his financial staff have been open and thorough of their outreach to enterprise teams, Mr. Bradley mentioned, however irritating of their coverage decisions. Chamber officers calculate that federal companies beneath Mr. Biden have issued about twice as many laws thought-about “economically vital” — at the moment outlined as carrying at the least a $200 million annual impact on the financial system — as they did beneath President Donald J. Trump.

It’s a distinction with Mr. Trump, whose administration employed much less constant outreach and careened chaotically from disaster to disaster, enterprise leaders say. Mr. Bradley mentioned executives have been torn on which mixture they most popular.

“You may have a look at a Trump administration with much more uncertainty, however directionally, the regulatory effort was shifting to lighten the regulatory prices,” he mentioned. “Right here within the Biden administration, we have now a reasonably good thought the place they’re going to go — it’s simply how crushing is it going to be when it comes to the regulatory stage? And so, apparently, there’s lots of people saying, ‘The chaos is best.’”

Mr. Biden speaks frequently with leaders from massive firms and small companies, and he has visited dozens of corporations whereas in workplace. Executives who’ve spoken with the president and his aides say they pay attention earnestly to corporations’ issues, even when Mr. Biden and his staff clarify that they disagree on the coverage matter at hand.

Mr. Butler of Exelon mentioned he had urged Mr. Biden on the White Home to maneuver quicker to clear allowing points and different hurdles to the constructing out of new-energy infrastructure. Mark Cuban, the famed investor and a founding father of Value Plus Medication, mentioned in an e mail that his conversations with Mr. Biden largely targeted on well being care, together with what he referred to as the “nice job” that the president had achieved in getting Medicare to barter decrease prescription drug costs.

Brad Smith, the vice chairman and president of Microsoft, mentioned in an interview that he had talked with Mr. Biden about finishing up his infrastructure invoice and the CHIPS and Science Act, together with regulation of synthetic intelligence. He praised Mr. Biden’s efforts to strengthen cybersecurity, saying he has “achieved extra in his presidency than any president ever” on that problem.

Mr. Biden’s employees, Mr. Smith added, “has a breadth of experience that’s being utilized at a deep stage.” Beneath Mr. Trump, “the employees was leaner,” he mentioned. “There weren’t as many in a variety of key jobs.”

Different executives have criticized Mr. Biden’s insurance policies, all or partially. Oil and gasoline executives have denounced an administration pause on the allowing of recent pure gasoline export terminals. Jamie Dimon, the chief govt of JPMorgan Chase, referred to as Mr. Biden’s local weather legislation and different inexperienced vitality initiatives “inflationary” in an interview with CNBC this yr.

Ken Griffin, the founding father of the monetary agency Citadel and a serious Republican donor, swiped at Mr. Biden’s financial pitch in a Bloomberg interview in November. “Whoever instructed him to run on Bidenomics has no thought how you can learn an economics textbook,” Mr. Griffin mentioned.

The Biden outreach to executives is just like the method employed by President Barack Obama and his staff, based on enterprise leaders and administration officers who additionally served beneath Mr. Obama.

However Mr. Biden differs from Mr. Obama — and Mr. Trump — in a number of respects. Executives who’ve spoken with him say the president makes clear in conversations that he’s a “labor man,” who measures financial success partially by the creation of well-paying union jobs. He has embraced sturdy federal scrutiny of mergers and different antitrust points to a level that even Mr. Obama didn’t.

He additionally has deeper coverage entanglements with company conduct. Mr. Biden’s local weather agenda blends company tax sweeteners for home manufacturing with a strict wave of laws meant to shortly scale back fossil-fuel emissions. In some instances, companies beneath Mr. Biden have softened some regulatory proposals of their remaining type — explicitly, administration officers say, to handle company issues.

Lael Brainard, who leads the White Home Nationwide Financial Council, mentioned in an interview that the president’s focused company tax breaks have been a departure from a Republican philosophy that pushed “across-the-board tax breaks for companies, no matter whether or not they have been making investments which might be good for America, generate jobs, assist with a clear vitality transition.”

Democratic pollsters are encouraging Mr. Biden to amplify that message in his re-election marketing campaign. They need him to emphasise his plans to boost taxes for large corporations whereas calling out corporations for elevating costs to pad income and saddling clients with “junk charges” for issues like live performance tickets. Their knowledge recommend that company taxation is a key vulnerability this fall for Mr. Trump, who lower company tax charges whereas in workplace and is about to face Mr. Biden in a 2020 rematch.

Voters “wish to really feel the president is on their facet in opposition to individuals they assume are squeezing them,” mentioned Evan Roth Smith, the lead pollster on the Democratic group Blueprint. “Voters haven’t any sympathy for large corporations proper now,” he added.

Mr. Bradley of the U.S. Chamber of Commerce mentioned many executives bristled at that language, and specifically at Mr. Biden’s follow of calling out corporations by identify for elevating costs or shrinking parts. However some executives dismiss or downplay Mr. Biden’s tax proposals — and repeated requires corporations to pay their “justifiable share” — as marketing campaign bluster.

“Recognizing how D.C. works, and that we’re in a political season, I have a tendency to not get too excessive or too low on any of that,” Mr. Butler mentioned.

Mr. Smith of Microsoft mentioned it was an space of disagreement in an in any other case optimistic relationship with the president.

“We’re not going to be the primary firm to enroll in tax will increase,” he mentioned. However, he added later, “I believe our tax charge is excessive sufficient that our preliminary response is, sometimes, that he’s speaking about another person.”