The overwhelming majority of U.S. aquaculture, the observe of elevating and harvesting fish in managed settings, takes place in coastal waters or on land, in tanks and ponds. However New Hampshire-based Blue Water Fisheries needs to position 40 submersible fish pens in water about 7.5 miles (12 kilometers) off Newburyport, Massachusetts, on two websites that complete almost a sq. mile, based on federal paperwork reviewed by The Related Press.

The farm would develop hundreds of thousands of kilos of Atlantic salmon and steelhead trout, two well-liked seafood species, paperwork state. The proposal wants a battery of approvals, and can be the primary of its sort off the East Coast.

Hawaii was the primary U.S. state to permit operation of economic open ocean aquaculture. Supporters of the farms tout them as a brand new methodology of sustainable fish farming, however environmental teams have voiced issues about air pollution and the potential of initiatives releasing non-native species. Different offshore fish farming initiatives have been proposed for the waters off California and Florida.

The New England firm hasn’t stated a lot about its plans. Scott Flood, who’s listed as a consultant for Blue Water Fisheries on paperwork, declined to touch upon the mission. Different representatives for the corporate didn’t return cellphone calls looking for remark.

The Nationwide Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration is working with Blue Water Fisheries and different federal businesses on the regulatory and approvals course of, stated Allison Ferreira, a spokesperson for the company. The corporate wants authorizations from NOAA and the U.S. Environmental Safety Company, amongst different approvals.

A key step within the approvals course of for Blue Water Fisheries is the preparation of an environmental affect assertion, Ferreria stated. There’s not but a timeline for that course of, she stated.

The aquaculture mission would come with pens submerged about 15 meters (49 toes) beneath the floor in depths of about 80 meters (262 toes), federal paperwork state. The mission would yield “as much as 25.6 million kilos of a mix of steelhead trout and Atlantic salmon yearly,” the paperwork state. The corporate’s year-round operations would happen out of Portsmouth, New Hampshire.

The mission additionally features a proposal to aquaculture lumpfish, a species of fish that can be utilized to manage parasites.

Aquaculture of Atlantic salmon in ocean pens already takes place in New England, as fish farming big Cooke Aquaculture cultures the fish off Maine. Nevertheless, these operations are situated in coastal areas.

Any mission involving the offshore tradition of Atlantic salmon is prone to get the eye of conservation teams, because the salmon are listed below the Endangered Species Act within the U.S. Conservation teams have lengthy made the case that farming salmon within the marine surroundings is unhealthy for wild salmon, partly as a result of the farmed fish can escape and jeopardize wild salmon by hybridizing with them and competing with them for meals. They’ve additionally sounded alarms in regards to the unfold of parasites and the switch of ailments.

Conservation teams have additionally argued the fish farms are unhealthy for the surroundings due to air pollution within the type of the antibiotics and pesticides usually used on the farms.

Fish farming additionally has its supporters, who say the aquaculture of well-liked seafood species helps to take fishing strain off wild fish shares.

The New Hampshire group’s mission raises potential alarms about attainable fish escapes, stated John Burrows, govt director for U.S. operations with the Atlantic Salmon Federation, a conservation group. Utilizing internet pens removed from the shoreside operations “considerably raises the chance of storm injury or predators inflicting escapes that will go undetected for a number of days,” Burrows stated.

Don’t Cage Our Oceans, a nationwide group that opposes offshore fish farming, can also be monitoring the mission, stated Andrianna Natsoulas, the coalition’s marketing campaign director.

“That is extremely problematic, particularly on the huge scale of this proposed operation as soon as absolutely built-out,” Burrows stated.